© 1998 by Oxford University Press
Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, Vol 90, 1219-1224, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
K Yoshizawa, WC Willett, SJ Morris, MJ Stampfer, D Spiegelman, EB Rimm and E Giovannucci
BACKGROUND: In a recent randomized intervention trial, the risk of prostate
cancer for men receiving a daily supplement of 200 microg selenium was one
third of that for men receiving placebo. By use of a nested case-control
design within a prospective study, i.e., the Health Professionals Follow-Up
Study, we investigated the association between risk of prostate cancer and
prediagnostic level of selenium in toenails, a measure of long-term
selenium intake. METHODS: In 1986, 51,529 male health professionals aged
40-75 years responded to a mailed questionnaire to form the prospective
study. In 1987, 33,737 cohort members provided toenail clippings. In 1988,
1990, 1992, and 1994, follow-up questionnaires were mailed. From 1989
through 1994, 181 new cases of advanced prostate cancer were reported. Case
and control subjects were matched by age, smoking status, and month of
toenail return. Selenium levels were determined by neutron activation. All
P values are two-sided. RESULTS: The selenium level in toenails varied
substantially among men, with quintile medians ranging from 0.66 to 1.14
microg/g for control subjects. When matched case-control data were
analyzed, higher selenium levels were associated with a reduced risk of
advanced prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR] for comparison of highest to
lowest quintile = 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.25-0.96; P for
trend = .11). After additionally controlling for family history of prostate
cancer, body mass index, calcium intake, lycopene intake, saturated fat
intake, vasectomy, and geographical region, the OR was 0.35 (95% CI =
0.16-0.78; P for trend = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Our results support earlier
findings that higher selenium intakes may reduce the risk of prostate
cancer. Further prospective studies and randomized trials of this
relationship should be conducted.
ARTICLES
Study of prediagnostic selenium level in toenails and the risk of advanced prostate cancer
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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